• TRUNCATE is a DDL(Data Manipulation Language) command
• TRUNCATE is executed using a table lock and whole table is locked for remove all records.
• We cannot use Where clause with TRUNCATE.
• TRUNCATE removes all rows from a table.
• Minimal logging in transaction log, so it is performance wise faster.
• TRUNCATE TABLE removes the data by deallocating the data pages used to store the table data and records only the page deallocations in the transaction log.
• Identify column is reset to its seed value if table contains any identity column.
• To use Truncate on a table you need at least ALTER permission on the table.
• Truncate uses the less transaction space than Delete statement.
• Truncate cannot be used with indexed views.

• DELETE is a DML(Data Definition Languages) command.
• DELETE is executed using a row lock, each row in the table is locked for deletion.
• We can use where clause with DELETE to filter & delete specific records.
• The DELETE command is used to remove rows from a table based on WHERE condition.
• It maintain the log, so it slower than TRUNCATE.
• The DELETE statement removes rows one at a time and records an entry in the transaction log for each deleted row.
• Identity of column keep DELETE retain the identity.
• To use Delete you need DELETE permission on the table.
• Delete uses the more transaction space than Truncate statement.
• Delete can be used with indexed views.

• The DROP command removes a table from the database.
• All the tables' rows, indexes and privileges will also be removed.
• No DML(Data Definition Languages) triggers will be fired.
• The operation cannot be rolled back.
• DROP and TRUNCATE are DDL commands, whereas DELETE is a DML command.
• DELETE operations can be rolled back (undone), while DROP and TRUNCATE operations cannot be rolled back.

DML

• SELECT – retrieve data from the a database
• INSERT – insert data into a table
• UPDATE – updates existing data within a table
• DELETE – Delete all records from a database table
• MERGE – UPSERT operation (insert or update)
• CALL – call a PL/SQL or Java subprogram
• EXPLAIN PLAN – interpretation of the data access path
• LOCK TABLE – concurrency Control

DDL

• CREATE – to create database and its objects like (table, index, views, store procedure, function and triggers)
• ALTER – alters the structure of the existing database
• DROP – delete objects from the database
• TRUNCATE – remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for the records are removed
• COMMENT – add comments to the data dictionary
• RENAME – rename an object